Hydrocarbon-burner.



No. 670,326. Patented Mar. l9, I90l. J. F. C. MULLEN.

HYDBOCARBON BURNER.

(Application filed July 7, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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UNlTnn STaTns PATENT @FFICE.

JOHN F. O. MULLEN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

HYDROCARBON=BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,326, dated March19, 1901.

Application filed July 7, 1900. Serial No. 22,853. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, JOHN F. O. MULLEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oincinnati, county of Hamilton, State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in I-Iydrocarbon-Burners; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is designed to provide means for the more perfect andpractical combustion of hydrocarbon oils directly-t. 6., without theemployment of preliminary spraying or vaporizing devices and alsoWithout the use of wicks and other capillary conveyers for the oilallashereinafterdescribed, and particularly set forth in the claims, forminga part of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section through thefire-box of a stove or range provided with my improved burner, the frontwalls of the burner being shown as partly broken away and the feedingdevice being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on aplan indicated by the dotted line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail inperspective of the valve for regulating the flow of oil from thereservoir.

Preliminary to a more detailed description it may be stated that myimproved fire-pot or burner is adapted to fit within the fire-box of anordinary cooking stove, range, or furnace and that the reservoir for theoil is located, preferably, at the rear end of the stove and at asuitable height or elevation to cause the oil to flow to the burnerthrough a connecting supply-pipe. Thesupply-pipe is located outside ofthe stove and is provided with a regulating feed-valve, and a chamber isalso locatedin said pipe between said valve and the .burner forcollecting any sediment or water which may be present in the oil and fordischarging said sediment or water when desired and also for a moreimportant purpose hereinafter described.

The fire-pot or burner itself is so constructed and arranged that theair entering the firebox of the stove through the ordinary channelstherefor is deflected downwardly through the forward portion of theburner and thence Y ing intended.

inwardly across the surface of the oil, Where it mixes with theoil-vapor, the resultant flame issuing upwardly and being deflectedagainst the opposite wall of the fire-pot or burner in such manner as tospread and completely fill the space inclosed by the surrounding parts.

Reference being had to the drawings, A represents an ordinary cookingstove or range, in the firebox CL of which is arranged myimprovedfire-pot or burner B, the said burner receiving its supply ofhydrocarbon oil through a supply pipe 1), connecting the burner with anoil-reservoir O. The said reservoir C will be located in an elevatedposition, preferably at the rear of the stove, and fastened to the backthereof, although for convenience of illustration I have shown it in thedrawings as slightly elevated, so as to avoid obscuring the pipe b. Thepipe Z) enters a fitting 7, provided with a needle-valve, whose stem Zis provided with an operatinghandle 8 and has a long threaded portion,as shown, to avoid necessity of packing. The stem is provided with afinger a, secured thereto by a set-screw, to permit of adjustment.Attached to the valve body or fitting r is a disk 0, having a radialslotp, with lugs below, on either side of the slot, to which astop-plate m is hung, so as to project upwardly into the position shownin full lines when serving as a stop for the finger n or to depend downout of the way when it is desired to remove the stem Z by unscrewing it.The stop will be so adjusted on the stem that when the finger n isturned toward the right to the limit of its movement in that directionthe valve will be closed and when turned to the left to the oppositelimit of its movement the valve will have the maximum open- With thestop as a guide the operator can obtain any desired opening betweenthese extremes.

From the valve 7' depends the pipe-section 11 which discharges into achamber E, serving to collect any sediment that may be present in theoil and allow of its discharge by removing the plug E and also forming ahead or reservoir of oil for an important purpose. ThusIhave found thatin burners of this general character frequent stoppages of the oilsupplytake place, due perhaps to the forma tion of a vacuum in the supply-pipeby reason of the burning at times of the oil in the burner faster thanthe oil was being fed through the valve or perhaps from a suddengeneration of gas in the burner and a back pressure of air or gas in thesupply-pipe. Whatever the cause, however, I find that the difficulty isavoided by providing the feed-reservoir E. I also find that whateverwater there may be in the crude oil collects at the bottom of thechamber E by gravity, whereupon by closing the valve Z above andremoving the plug below I can drain olf the water.

The pipe I) from the reservoir E discharges through the bottom of theburner at approximately the center thereof through the intermediacy of ashort upward branch having a removable screw -threaded plug t in directalinement with the vertical pipe, thereby allowing direct access incleaning out the latter when the plug is removed.

To prevent more than just the required amount of oil from beingintroduced into the burner, I provide an overflow-pipe '1), whichdischarges into a pan, placed below the stove. Should the operator openthe needle-valve too wide, the oil will begin to drip into the pan, andupon hearing this the operator will know that the valve must be closedsomewhat. A removable screw-plug w is likewise provided to facilitatethe cleaning of the pipe 7; should the latter become obstructed.

The fire-pot or burner comprises a hollow box-like structurefrusto-pyramidal in form, having downwardly and inwardly inclined sidesterminating in an integral bottom. One wall of the fire-pot isconstructed of two overlapping parts 2' i, the former being set in oroccupying a different plane from the latter, so as to form alongitudinal passage extending all the way across the burner. The loweredge of the part 11 extends downwardly some distance beyond the upperedge of the part 1 as shown, thereby constituting a deflector for theentering air and directing the same downward and across the surface ofthe oil. A flame-deflector F, having lateral lugs 00, is mounted innotches or recesses :12, formed in the ends of the firepot, and saidflame-defiector normally rests against inclined shoulders 1 projectinginwardly from the ends of the fire-pot, as shown in Fig. 2. The fire-potis thereby provided with an initial mixing and combustion chamber 6 anda main combustion-chamber f, the admixture of the air with the oil-vaportaking place in the lower part of the burner, while combustion takesplace principally in the upper part of the burner. By means of thedeflector F the flame produced by the ignition of the vapor is deflectedagainst the wallj of the burner and finally spreads in increased volumewithin the upper main combustion-chamberfof said burner.

The fire-pot or burner is mounted in the stove and secured in positionby means of lateral flanges (1, extending around the sides of saidfirepot and resting on the top edge of the tire-brick, as indicated inFig. 1.

In placing the burner within the stove care must of course be taken tocement it in place air-tight with respect thereto, so as to insure thatall the air entering shall pass through the burner by way of the inletor intake passage thereof.

The operation is as follows: To operate the burner, the valve in thesupply-pipe is opened, causing the crude petroleum or fuel-oil employedto flow upwardly into the burner until the bottom of the burner isbarely covered with the oil. The oil is then ignited in any suitablemanneras, for instance, either by inserting a paper lighter or anasbestos lighter through the front opening of the burner or by liftingthe deflector-plate F for the purpose of inserting such lighter afterraising the stove-lid. Vhile the oil in the bottom of fire-pot is beingconsumed fresh oil is being supplied continuously by the upward feedthrough the open end of branch supply-pipe b, the fecd-opening beingthus sealed from both air and flame and a continuous combustionresulting without carbonization and without clogging any of the parts ofthe apparatus.

Although I have described the burner as using oil as a fuel, it must beunderstood that it is equally well adapted for burning other kinds offluid-hydrocarbon fuels, such as petroleum-oils or natural or artificialgases.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. Ahydrocarbon-burner, comprising an open hollow fire-box, provided withlateral flanges, the front wall of said fire-box formed of twooverlapping portions to provide an air inlet and deflector, and apivoted flame-defiector extending transversely of said fire-box.

2. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising an open hollow fire-box, providedwith lateral flanges, the front wall of said fire-box formed of twooverlapping portions to provide an air inlet and deflector, and aflame-deflector extending transversely of said box.

3. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising an open hollow fire-box, providedwith lateral flanges along its upper edges, the front wall of saidfire-box formed of two overlapping parallel portions to provide an airinlet and deflector, a pivoted flame-deflector extending transversely ofsaid firebox, and shoulders in the ends of said fire-box against whichsaid flame-deflector rests.

4. A hydrocarbon-burner comprising an open hollow fire-box, providedwith lateral flanges along its upper edges, the front wall of saidfire-box formed of two overlapping portions to provide an air inlet anddeflector, a flame-deflector extending transversely of said fire-box,and shoulders in the ends of said fire-box against which saidflame-deflector rests.

5. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising an open hollow fire-box, providedwith lateral flanges along its upper edge, the front well said fire-boxagainst which said flame-deflector rests. 10

In testimony whereof I affix my signature of said lire-box formed of twooverlapping in presence of two Witnesses. portions to provide anail-inlet and deflector, a flame-deflector extending transversely ofsaid fire-box and pivoted in recesses in the ends thereof, and shouldersin the ends of I JOHN F. O. MULLEN. Witnesses:

JOSEPH A. MINTURN,

JOHN B. SHERWOOD.

